Comparison of protective effect of two types of aerobic and intermittent training on breast cancer by TGFβ protein and Smad-3 gene and MMP2 in female mice

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the protective effects of two types of aerobic and intermittent training on breast cancer as a result of TGF&beta; protein, Smad-3, and MMP2 gene in female mice. Methods: In the experimental study, a total of 24 female BALB/c mice after Tumorigenesis by MC4-L2 cell line in the three groups; Control, Aerobic, and Intermittent training groups, and under standard conditions were studied. Aerobic continuous training group performed 60 minutes of running on a treadmill with intensity of 60-65% VO2max, 5 days a week and high-intensity intermittent program included six bouts alternates (3 minutes and 20 seconds with intensity of 85&ndash;90%VO2max and a minute of recovery with intense 30-35%VO2max between each alternate) for a period of 10 weeks. Data using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at a significance level of P<0.05 were analyzed. Results: High-intensity intermittent training significantly increased expression of Smad-3 (P<0.03), and protein TGF-&beta; (P<0.000) and decreased the expression of MMP-2 (P<0.000) in tumor tissue than in the control group. Aerobic training also significantly increased the expression of Smad-3 (P<0.03) and protein TGF-&beta; (P<0.000) and decreased the expression of MMP-2 (P<0.04) in tumor tissue than in the control group. No significant differences in gene expression Smad-3 and MMP-2 between training groups was observed (P<0.05), However, there was significant differences in the TGF-&beta; protein between High-intensity intermittent training and aerobic training groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that high-intensity intermittent and aerobic continuous training can possibly be effective interventions to reduce breast cancer progression and there is not much difference between the effects of two types of training.